Research Methods in Quranic Studies

The Holy Quran is a book of guidance for humanity, revealed for Muslims to act upon, to permit what it permits and prohibit what it prohibits, and to recite it as it should be recited, so that it will be an argument for them before their Lord and an intercessor for them on the Day of Resurrection. It is a book whose wonders and profound wisdom never end, but the limited human mind studies and interprets it in different ways and with different priorities, which imposes the existence of a collective and participatory effort to establish curricula, approaches and priorities that help humanity benefit from the guidance of the Quran. Hence, we find that it has received great attention since its revelation to the Messenger, may God bless him and grant him peace. The Companions, may God be pleased with them, read it, and the Messenger, may God bless him and grant him peace, explained to them what was unclear to them, and explained to them what is permissible and prohibited. They learned it, taught it and acted upon it, until they did not separate knowledge from action. Then came the followers and those after them, and they occupied themselves with the Holy Quran, some studying its rulings, sounds, structures, meanings, orthography and punctuation, and others reciting it with different aspects of its readings, leaving behind them abundant knowledge, and there is no doubt that they were In their studies, they rely on methods they have accepted and explained in the introductions to their books. However, in recent times, modern methods have emerged that have been used to study the Holy Quran and reveal its meanings and structures.

Therefore, in this research, I have attempted to highlight the specificity of research in Quranic studies and to outline the most important methods used in related research.

يعد القرآن الكريم  كتاب هداية للبشرية نزل ليعمل به المسلم، فيحل حلاله ويحرّم حرامه ويتلوه حقّ تلاوته، فيكون حجّة له عند ربه وشفيعًا له يوم القيامة، وهو كتاب لا تنقضي عجائبه وحكمه البالغة، لكن العقل البشري القاصر يدرسه ويفسره بطرق وأولويات متباينة، مما يفرض وجود جهد جماعي وتشاركي لوضع مناهج ومقاربات وأولويات تساعد البشرية على الاستفادة من هداية القرآن ،ومن ثم نجده قد حضي باهتمام كبير منذ نزوله على الرسول صلى الله عليه وسلم ،فقرأه الصحابة رضوان الله عليه  وبين لهم الرسول صلى الله عليه وسلم ما  أشكل عليهم، وبين لهم حلاله وحرامه ، فتعلموه وعلموه وعملوا به ، حتى كانوا لا يفصلون العلم عن العمل،  ثم جاء التابعون ومن بعدهم فاشتغلوا بالقرآن الكريم بين دارس لأحكامه واصواته وتراكيبه ودلالاته ورسمه وضبطه وبين تالين له باختلاف وجوه قراءاته ، تاركين علما غزيرا وراءهم ولا شك انهم كانوا يعتمدون في انتاجاتهم لهذه الدراسة مناهج ارتضوها وأبانوا عنها في مقدمات كتبهم ، لكن  العصور المتأخرة ظهرت مناهج حديثة أعملت في دراسة القرآن الكريم وإظهار معانيه ومبانيه.

وعليه حاولت في هذا البحث إبراز خصوصية البحث في الدراسات القرآنية وذكر أهم المناهج التي تستخدم في البحوث المتعلقة بها.